Multi-scale modelling of In-Stent Restenosis

Abstract:
Stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the inner surface (lumen) of the
blood vessel. Accumulation of stenotic lesions lead  to a decreased
blood supply and thus in tern reduce the oxygen supply to the parts of
body. Interventional techniques to treat stenotic arteries involve
deployment of a metallic tubular mesh (stent) into the vessel wall.
Despite of such an advanced interventional technique, In-Stent
Restenosis (ISR) still remains a significant complication following
stent implantation. It is widely known that stent deployment results
in an injury involving the denudation of endothelial cells and the
rupture of internal elastic lamina.  As a maladaptive response of the
artery to the injury activates vascular healing processes and leads to
an abnormal tissue regrowth called In-Stent Restenosis.

We modelled this complex multi-scale, multi-science phenomena using
Complex Automata (CxA) approach. A Multiscale Simulation Coupling
Library and Enviornment (MUSCLE) is used to set up and run 2D ISR
simulations as CxA.  Preliminary results and future work will be
explained.